4.1           INTRODUCTION

4.1.1         Paragraph 6.9 of the Study Brief states that a requirement of the Study is to:

"Task 8: Data Analysis

4.1.2           Analyze the information and data gathered from the desk top study and field survey..."

4.1.3         This section of the report presents the analysis of the data collected during the Study. Data is analysed as follows:

• Analysis of LCT Size and Occurrence

• Analysis of Condition

• Analysis of Value

                ANALYSIS OF LCT SIZE AND OCCURRENCE

4.1.4         An analysis of LCT size and occurrence is shown in Table 4.1. Geographical occurrence of different LCTs is shown in The Draft Landscape Character Map

 Table 4.1 Analysis of LCTs in Draft LCM

LCT	Number of LCAs	Smallest LCA(ha)	Largest LCA(ha)	Average size of LCA	Total area covered by LCT (ha)	% of total Study area covered by LCT	LCAs as % of Total in HK
Airport Landscape	1	1,200.5	1,200.5	1,200.5	1,200.5	0.4	0.1
Cemetery Landscape	8	9.1	234.8	60.2	481.9	0.2	0.8
City Grid Mixed Urban Landscape	14	8.8	143.7	57.4	803.2	0.3	1.5
Civic Urban Waterfront Landscape	3	18.4	66.1	35.7	107.2	>0.1	0.3
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape	77	19.6	1067.6	192.3	14,805.6	5.4	8.2
Hui’ Urban Landscape	6	9.5	110.8	34.0	203.8	0.1	0.6
Bay Landscape	19	56.2	1229.8	378.0	7,182.8	2.6	2.0
Comprehensive Residential Development Landscape	5	28.2	162.4	97.5	487.4	0.2	0.5
Golf-course Landscape	6	22.5	176.4	110.2	661.5	0.2	0.6
Industrial Urban Landscape	31	8.0	391.0	75.7	2,347.1	0.9	3.3
Inshore Waters Landscape	22	284.3	10,015.4	2,068.7	45,511.5	16.5	2.3
Institutional Landscape	26	10.1	118.7	41.2	1,070.3	0.4	2.8
Inter-tidal Coasts Landscape	11	5.9	834.2	154.2	1,696.7	0.6	1.2
Island Landscape	38	4.0	368.4	76.4	2,903.6	1.1	4.0
Late 20C/Early 21C High-rise Commercial/Residential Complex Landscapes	8	14.8	80.5	35.0	280.1	0.1	0.8
Low-rise Residential Urban Landscape	1	133.1	133.1	133.1	133.1	>0.1	0.1
Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscape	5	18.0	32.0	26.1	130.3	>0.1	0.5
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape	27	28.3	655.6	215.8	5,827.5	2.1	2.9
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape	49	11.3	190.0	65.8	3,224.3	1.2	5.2
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape	17	14.8	83.7	43.8	744.4	0.3	1.8
Offshore Waters Landscape	5	4,229.1	4,229.1	21,079.8	105,399.1	38.3	0.5
Organic Mixed Development Urban Landscape	6	14.9	190.1	58.2	349.3	0.1	0.6
Park Urban Landscape	18	6.9	80.5	24.1	433.3	0.2	1.9
Peak Landscape	50	9.0	1611.0	202.0	10,100.4	3.7	5.3
Quarry / Landfill Landscape	9	21.3	121.5	55.4	498.5	0.2	1.0
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape	15	20.5	370.8	99.5	1,492.8	0.5	1.6
Reservoir Landscape	9	18.6	1,433.7	357.3	3,215.3	1.2	1.0
Residential Urban Fringe Landscape	41	17.3	289.0	74.4	3,051.3	1.1	4.3
Residential Urban Landscape	56	9.6	216.5	60.3	3,375.0	1.2	5.9
Rural Coastal Plain Landscape	30	17.6	541.3	139.3	4,180.2	1.5	3.2
Rural Inland Plain Landscape	18	31.6	719.2	270.5	4,869.1	1.8	1.9
Rural Township Landscape	6	14.1	93.2	38.1	228.8	0.1	0.6
Settled Valley Landscape	124	13.9	637.0	132.7	16,454.3	6.0	13.1
Strait Landscape	6	187.0	1,342.0	782.3	4,693.5	1.7	0.6
Theme Park Landscapes	2	18.6	48.8	33.7	67.4	>0.1	0.2
Transportation Corridor Landscape	7	27.4	351.0	117.0	818.7	0.3	0.7
Typhoon Shelter Landscapes	11	18.8	142.4	59.2	650.7	0.2	1.2
Unsettled Valley Landscape	29	22.9	401.7	101.0	2,902.8	1.1	3.1
Upland Plateau Landscape	9	44.7	92.4	64.5	580.3	0.2	1.0
Upland and Hillside Landscapes	106	27.1	733.0	204.1	21,631.5	7.9	11.2
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape	12	14.1	161.7	62.1	745.7	0.3	1.3

 

4.1.5         The most numerous LCTs are Settled Valley Landscapes (124) followed by Upland and Hillside Landscapes (106). The number of Settled Valley Landscapes reflects their compartmentalisation and relatively small size. The number of Upland and Hillside Landscapes LCTs on the other hand is a reflection of the very large area of Hong Kong covered by this landscape type.

4.1.6         The least numerous LCTs are Airport Landscapes (1) at Chek Lap Kok; Low-rise Residential Urban Landscapes (1) at Kowloon Tong and Theme Park Landscapes (2) comprising the upper and lower parts of Ocean Park.              

4.1.7         The smallest LCTs on average are Park Urban Landscapes (24ha) followed by Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscapes (26 ha) and Theme Park Landscapes (33 ha). The largest LCTs on average are Offshore Waters Landscapes (21,079 ha) followed by Inshore Waters Landscapes (2,068 ha) and Airport Landscapes (1,200 ha).

4.1.8         Corresponding to the above data, the LCTs which have the greatest coverage in terms of total area are Offshore Waters Landscapes (over 105,399 ha or 38% of the Study area) followed by Inshore Waters Landscapes (45,511 ha or 16% of the Study area) and Upland and Hillside Landscapes (over 21,631 ha or 7.9% of the Study area). The LCTs covering the smallest area of Hong Kong are Theme Park Landscapes (67 ha or less than 0.1% of Hong Kong) followed by Civic Urban Waterfront Landscapes (107 ha or 0.1% of Hong Kong) and Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscapes (130 ha or 0.1% of Hong Kong).

                ANALYSIS OF CONDITION

4.1.9         Table 4.2 sets out the numbers of LCAs falling into the Good, Moderate and Poor Condition in the Draft LCM.

                Table 4.2 Overall Analysis of Condition of LCAs in Draft LCM

LCA Condition	Number	%	Area (ha*)
Good (Management Strategy – Conservation)	720	76.3	263,124
Moderate (Management Strategy – Enhancement)	167	17.7	10,665
Poor (Management Strategy – Reconstruction)	56	6.0	4272
Total	943	100	278,061

* Area measurements are in planar projection.

4.1.10       The vast majority of Hong Kong's landscapes (76%) are in Good Condition, with only some 6% in Poor Condition.

Condition and Landscape Character Type

4.1.11       Table 4.3 shows a breakdown of Condition for each LCT in the Draft LCM.

Table 4.3 Analysis of Condition of LCTs in Draft LCM

LCT	Total Number of LCAs	LCAs in Good Condition	LCAs in Moderate Condition	LCAs in Poor Condition
Airport Landscape	1	0	1	0
Cemetery Landscape	8	0	2	6
City Grid Mixed Urban Landscape	14	0	14	0
Civic Urban Waterfront Landscape	3	1	2	0
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape	77	75	2	0
Hui’ Urban Landscape	6	0	6	0
Bay Landscape	19	19	0	0
Comprehensive Residential Development Landscape	5	1	4	0
Golf-course Landscape	6	6	0	0
Industrial Urban Landscape	31	0	9	22
Inshore Waters Landscape	22	22	0	0
Institutional Landscape	26	20	6	0
Inter-tidal Coasts Landscape	11	11	0	0
Island Landscape	38	36	0	2
Late 20C/Early 21C High-rise Commercial/Residential Complex Landscapes	8	0	8	0
Low-rise Residential Urban Landscape	1	1	0	0
Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscape	5	1	4	0
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape	27	26	1	0
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape	49	25	20	4
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape	17	1	16	0
Offshore Waters Landscape	5	5	0	0
Organic Mixed Urban Development Landscape	6	5	1	0
Park Urban Landscape	18	18	0	0
Peak Landscape	50	50	0	0
Quarry / Landfill Landscape	9	0	9	0
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape	15	0	3	12
Reservoir Landscape	9	9	0	0
Residential Urban Fringe Landscape	41	38	3	0
Residential Urban Landscape	56	4	52	0
Rural Coastal Plain Landscape	30	30	0	0
Rural Inland Plain Landscape	18	18	0	0
Rural Township Landscape	6	1	5	0
Settled Valley Landscape	124	123	1	0
Strait Landscape	6	6	0	0
Theme Park Landscapes	2	2	0	0
Transportation Corridor Landscape	7	0	6	1
Typhoon Shelter Landscapes	11	10	1	0
Unsettled Valley Landscape	29	29	0	0
Upland Plateau Landscape	9	9	0	0
Upland and Hillside Landscapes	106	106	1	0
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape	12	12	1	0

4.1.12        As the analysis of Condition reflects the integrity of natural landscape features, one might expect a consistent correlation between urban landscapes and poorer Condition. This is principally because the scale and type of development prevalent in Hong Kong rarely allows for the integrity of natural topography to maintained but rather requires extensive terracing and slope regrading. This therefore affects the fundamental condition of the landscape. It is important to realise however that this correlation is not a necessary one and that sensitive small scale development is perfectly able to accommodate and reflect topography, whilst retaining vegetation in situ. This is however, rarely the case in Hong Kong. LCTs that are almost always in Good Condition include Upland and Hillside Landscapes; Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscapes, Peak Landscapes; Settled Valley Landscapes and Unsettled Valley Landscapes, Island Landscapes as well as Rural Inland Plain Landscapes and Rural Coastal Plain Landscapes.

4.1.13       Older urban areas from the middle part of the last century such as City Grid Mixed Urban Landscapes are typically only in Moderate Condition, mainly because they have no natural landform (being generally on reclamation) and only very limited vegetation coverage. This contrasts with many older Organic Mixed Urban Landscapes where relatively high levels of topographic and vegetation coverage remain and where levels of Condition are correspondingly higher. The urban LCT that is consistently in poorest Condition is Industrial Urban Landscapes, on account of their heavily altered or artificial topography and almost total absence of vegetation cover.

4.1.14       Conversely, there is a striking relationship between rural landscapes and landscape Condition, with the majority of such LCTs being in Good Condition and few in Moderate Condition. No rural LCAs are in Poor Condition. Urban Fringe and Rural Fringe LCAs typically exhibit a range of Conditions, with Cemetery Landscapes almost always being in Poor Condition (due to their highly amended landform and limited vegetation cover) and Golf Course Landscapes always being in Good Condition due to their largely natural topography and ample vegetation cover.

Spatial Distribution of Landscape Condition

4.1.15       The distribution of landscape Condition largely reflects the characteristics noted above. Urban areas on Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, Shatin, Tuen Mun, Tung Chung, Tseung Kwan O, Tai Po and Fanling/Sheung Shui are typically in Moderate Condition. Landscapes in Poor Condition occur principally on the fringes of these urban areas.

4.1.16       On the other hand, landscapes in Good Condition tend to be those that are in rural and predominantly upland areas as well as on the non-urban coasts, particularly southern Hong Kong Island, SENT, southern Lantau, the central NT uplands and NENT.

4.1.17       The NWNT and northern central NT has a much higher incidence of Moderate and Poor Condition landscapes, mainly because they are lower lying and hence more easily adapted for development.

4.1.18       The spatial disposition of landscape Condition across Hong Kong is shown in Figure 4.1.

                ANALYSIS OF VALUE

4.1.19       Table 4.4 sets out the numbers of LCAs falling into different Value classes in the Final LCM.

Table 4.4 Analysis of Value of LCAs in Draft LCM (terrestrial and marine LCAs)

LCA Value	Number	%	Area (ha*)
High	441	46.8	229,023
High Q	226	24.0	22,867
Moderate	233	24.7	22,491
Low	43	4.6	3680
Total	943	100	278,061

* Area measurements are in planar projection.

4.1.20       Almost half of Hong Kong's LCAs (47%) can be described as being of High Value with some 24% being of High (Qualified) value. Around a quarter of landscapes (25%) are of Moderate value with a very small percentage (under 5%) being of Low Value.

Value and Landscape Character Type

4.1.21       Table 4.5 sets out a breakdown of Value for each LCT in the Draft LCM.

4.1.22       Landscape value represents the importance we attach to a landscape and is attributed taking into account visual coherence, complexity, rarity, relief and condition, key heritage/natural features and visual attractor/detractor. In the study, landscape value is ranked as either ‘High’, ‘High(Qualified)’, ‘Moderate’ or ‘Low’. Their distributions are shown in Figure 4.2.

Table 4.5 Analysis of Value of LCTs in Draft LCM

LCT	Total Number of LCAs	LCAs with High Value	LCAs with High Q Value	LCAs with Moderate Value	LCAs with Poor Value
Airport Landscape	1	0	0	1	0
Cemetery Landscape	8	0	0	8	0
City Grid Mixed Urban Landscape	14	0	2	12	0
Civic Urban Waterfront Landscape	3	1	0	2	0
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape	77	72	3	2	0
Hui’ Urban Landscape	6	0	6	0	0
Bay Landscape	19	18	1	0	0
Comprehensive Residential Development Landscape	5	0	5	0	0
Golf-course Landscape	6	5	0	1	0
Industrial Urban Landscape	31	0	0	11	20
Inshore Waters Landscape	22	22	0	0	0
Institutional Landscape	26	3	14	9	0
Inter-tidal Coasts Landscape	11	10	1	0	0
Island Landscape	38	33	3	2	0
Late 20C/Early 21C High-rise Commercial/Residential Complex Landscapes	8	0	2	6	0
Low-rise Residential Urban Landscape	1	0	1	0	0
Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscape	5	0	4	1	0
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape	27	1	5	21	0
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape	49	0	13	34	2
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape	17	0	1	16	0
Offshore Waters Landscape	5	5	0	0	0
Organic Mixed Urban Development Landscape	6	0	6	0	0
Park Urban Landscape	18	18	0	0	0
Peak Landscape	50	49	1	0	0
Quarry / Landfill Landscape	9	0	0	0	9
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape	15	0	0	4	11
Reservoir Landscape	9	9	0	0	0
Residential Urban Fringe Landscape	41	2	30	9	0
Residential Urban Landscape	56	0	3	53	0
Rural Coastal Plain Landscape	30	14	14	2	0
Rural Inland Plain Landscape	18	2	7	9	0
Rural Township Landscape	6	1	2	3	0
Settled Valley Landscape	124	53	58	13	0
Strait Landscape	6	5	1	0	0
Theme Park Landscapes	2	0	2	0	0
Transportation Corridor Landscape	7	0	0	6	1
Typhoon Shelter Landscapes	11	0	11	0	0
Unsettled Valley Landscape	29	25	4	0	0
Upland Plateau Landscape	9	5	4	0	0
Upland and Hillside Landscapes	106	93	12	1	0
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape	12	0	5	7	0

 

Spatial Distribution of Landscape Value

4.1.23       The spatial disposition of landscape Value across Hong Kong is shown in Figure 4.2.

4.1.24       The Study shows that (including Coastal Waters) almost 83% of the area of Hong Kong is of High landscape Value. High Value landscapes are typically found in rural, upland and coastal areas. In these areas, there are high levels of visual coherence, complementary patterns of natural features and often a distinct sense of place. They are also found in urban areas, but are less common there, usually because an unsatisfactory relationship between man-made and natural landscape features, preponderance of generic development types or limited spatial diversity diminishes visual coherence and sense of place. Large areas of the SENT, NENT central NT, Lantau and central Hong Kong Island fall into this category.

4.1.25       Approximately 8% of the area of Hong Kong is of High (Qualified) landscape Value. High (Q) Value landscapes are found typically in rural lowland areas as well as in the rural fringe and urban fringe. In such cases, the typical pattern of landscape features has usually been disturbed or altered by incremental changes in land use or development, such as the abandoning of agricultural land use and the intrusion of non-rural land uses such as open storage. High (Q) Value landscapes are also found in urban areas where there is a coherent relationship between man-made and natural landscape features, where the variety, scale and pattern of development is coherent and where there is a particular sense of place and character. High Q Value landscapes are found across Hong Kong most typically on the foothills or lowland areas of the NWNT, northern and central NT, SENT and Hong Kong Island.

4.1.26       Approximately 8% of the area of Hong Kong is of Moderate landscape Value. Moderate Value landscapes predominate on the fringes of the urban areas and in inner city areas. Such landscapes may be regarded as Hong Kong's 'ordinary' landscapes and typically have a limited relationship between man-made and natural landscape features, a preponderance of generic developments types, limited spatial diversity, visual coherence and no outstanding sense of place. Such landscapes are found typically across the Kowloon to Tsuen Wan conurbation, on the urban area on the north shore of Hong Kong Island and in many of the new towns.

4.1.27       There are relatively few areas of Low Value landscape in Hong Kong (just over 1% of the total area of the HKSAR). Such landscape tends to be located on the urban or rural fringes. They tend to occur only where the integrity or pattern of the landscape has been totally destroyed and where specific features significantly detract from the visual coherence of the landscape. Landscapes which typically fall into the Low Value category include landfills, quarries and ongoing reclamation. There is a high number of such landscapes on the shore and fringes of the Tsuen Wan-Lei Yue Mun conurbation, due to the presence of industrial development and ongoing reclamations/developments.

Analysis of Visual Coherence

4.1.28       An analysis of Visual Coherence shows that almost half (48% approx) of the LCAs in Hong Kong can be said to have a High Visual Coherence (Table 4.7). A similar number have a Moderate Visual Coherence (47% approx) whilst very few have a Low Visual Coherence ( 4% approx). This distribution, is almost identical to the overall assignment of Landscape Value (assuming High Q and Moderate Value ratings are combined).

4.1.29       However, this is not to say that there is an exact correlation between Landscape Value and Visual Coherence as shown by the analysis of the assignment of Landscape Coherence ratings to LCTs (Table 4.6). In this table, whilst it is notable that there is generally a close correlation between the Value and Coherence ratings, it is not an exact one. Therefore, one can conclude that whilst Visual Coherence can be said to be a very significant factor in determining Landscape Value, it is not a necessary one.

Table 4.6 Analysis of Visual Coherence of LCTs in Draft LCM

LCT	Total Number of LCAs	LCAs with High Visual Coherence	LCAs with Moderate Visual	Coherence LCAs with Low Visual Coherence
Airport Landscape	1	0	1	0
Cemetery Landscape	8	1	7	0
City Grid Mixed Urban Landscape	14	0	14	0
Civic Urban Waterfront Landscape	3	1	2	0
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape	77	72	5	0
Hui’ Urban Landscape	6	0	5	1
Bay Landscape	19	18	1	0
Comprehensive Residential Development Landscape	5	5	0	0
Golf-course Landscape	6	6	0	0
Industrial Urban Landscape	31	0	18	13
Inshore Waters Landscape	22	22	0	0
Institutional Landscape	26	2	24	0
Inter-tidal Coasts Landscape	11	10	1	0
Island Landscape	38	33	5	0
Late 20C/Early 21C High-rise Commercial/Residential Complex Landscapes	8	2	6	0
Low-rise Residential Urban Landscape	1	0	1	0
Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscape	5	2	3	0
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape	27	1	26	0
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape	49	0	45	4
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape	17	0	17	0
Offshore Waters Landscape	5	5	0	0
Organic Mixed Urban Development Landscape	6	0	6	0
Park Urban Landscape	18	18	0	0
Peak Landscape	50	49	1	0
Quarry / Landfill Landscape	9	0	0	9
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape	15	0	2	13
Reservoir Landscape	9	9	0	0
Residential Urban Fringe Landscape	41	2	39	0
Residential Urban Landscape	56	3	53	0
Rural Coastal Plain Landscape	30	16	14	0
Rural Inland Plain Landscape	18	4	14	0
Rural Township Landscape	6	0	6	0
Settled Valley Landscape	124	44	80	0
Strait Landscape	6	5	1	0
Theme Park Landscapes	2	0	2	0
Transportation Corridor Landscape	7	1	5	1
Typhoon Shelter Landscapes	11	2	9	0
Unsettled Valley Landscape	29	25	4	0
Upland Plateau Landscape	9	5	4	0
Upland and Hillside Landscapes	106	93	13	0
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape	12	0	12	0

           

                Table 4.7 Analysis of Visual Coherence of LCAs in Draft LCM (terrestrial and marine LCAs)

Visual Coherence	Number	%
High	441	48.4
Moderate	233	47.3
Low	43	4.3
Total	943	100

* Area measurements are in planar projection.

Analysis of Visual Complexity

4.1.30       An analysis of Visual Complexity (Table 4.9) shows that a very small number of LCAs (3.3% approx) can be said to have a High Visual Complexity. A very high number have a Moderate Visual Complexity (85% approx) whilst few have a Low Visual Complexity (4% approx).

4.1.31       From Table 4.8, one can see that those LCAs with High Visual Complexity ate almost all urban LCTs, whilst those with Low Visual Complexity are almost all marine landscapes or Peak Landscape LCTs; Reservoir LCTs or Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape LCTs. These findings are largely what one expect of landscapes with relatively limited numbers of components.

4.1.32       It is also clear from the analysis that there is no direct correlation between Landscape Value and Visual Complexity. This is probably due to the fact whilst high amounts of Visual Complexity can add value to a landscape, they only do so where there are high levels of Visual Coherence. Without high levels of Visual Coherence, Visual Complexity will simply be perceived as ‘chaos’ and will lead to a reduction in Landscape Value.

Table 4.8 Analysis of Visual Complexity of LCTs in Draft LCM

LCT	Total Number of LCAs	LCAs with High Visual Complexity	LCAs with Moderate Visual Complexity	LCAs with Low Visual Complexity
Airport Landscape	1	0	1	0
Cemetery Landscape	8	0	2	6
City Grid Mixed Urban Landscape	14	1	13	0
Civic Urban Waterfront Landscape	3	0	3	0
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape	77	0	75	2
Hui’ Urban Landscape	6	2	4	0
Bay Landscape	19	0	3	16
Comprehensive Residential Development Landscape	5	0	5	0
Golf-course Landscape	6	0	6	0
Industrial Urban Landscape	31	2	29	0
Inshore Waters Landscape	22	0	10	12
Institutional Landscape	26	0	26	0
Inter-tidal Coasts Landscape	11	0	8	3
Island Landscape	38	0	36	2
Late 20C/Early 21C High-rise Commercial/Residential Complex Landscapes	8	0	8	0
Low-rise Residential Urban Landscape	1	0	1	0
Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscape	5	3	2	0
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape	27	1	26	0
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape	49	3	46	0
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape	17	8	9	0
Offshore Waters Landscape	5	0	0	5
Organic Mixed Urban Development Landscape	6	6	0	0
Park Urban Landscape	18	1	17	0
Peak Landscape	50	0	14	36
Quarry / Landfill Landscape	9	1	8	0
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape	15	0	3	12
Reservoir Landscape	9	0	4	5
Residential Urban Fringe Landscape	41	1	40	0
Residential Urban Landscape	56	0	56	0
Rural Coastal Plain Landscape	30	1	29	0
Rural Inland Plain Landscape	18	0	17	1
Rural Township Landscape	6	1	5	0
Settled Valley Landscape	124	0	124	0
Strait Landscape	6	0	3	3
Theme Park Landscapes	2	0	2	0
Transportation Corridor Landscape	7	0	7	0
Typhoon Shelter Landscapes	11	0	9	2
Unsettled Valley Landscape	29	0	27	2
Upland Plateau Landscape	9	0	9	0
Upland and Hillside Landscapes	106	0	106	0
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape	12	0	12	0

* Area measurements are in planar projection.

Table 4.9 Analysis of Visual Complexity of LCAs in Draft LCM (terrestrial and marine LCAs)

Visual Complexity	Number	%
High	441	3.3
Moderate	233	85.3
Low	43	11.4
Total	943	100

Analysis of Rarity

4.1.33       Table 4.10 sets out a breakdown of those LCAs which are considered to be rare (defined as ‘infrequent’ or ‘unique’). 'Infrequent' LCTs are those where examples of them represent less than 1% (by number) of all LCAs in Hong Kong. ‘Unique’ LCTs are those which are sole examples of their LCT.

Table 4.8 Analysis of Visual Complexity of LCTs in Draft LCM

LCT	Number of LCAs
Airport Landscape	1
Cemetery Landscape	8
City Grid Mixed Urban Landscape	14
Civic Urban Waterfront Landscape	3
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape	77
'Hui’ Urban Landscape	6
Bay Landscape	19
Comprehensive Residential Development Landscape	5
Golf-course Landscape	6
Industrial Urban Landscape	31
Inshore Waters Landscape	22
Institutional Landscape	26
Inter-tidal Coasts Landscape	11
Island Landscape	38
Late 20C/Early 21C High-rise Commercial/Residential Complex Landscapes	8
Low-rise Residential Urban Landscape	1
Medium / High-rise Commercial Urban Landscape	5
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape	27
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape	49
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape	17
Organic Mixed Urban Development Landscape	6
Park Urban Landscape	18
Peak Landscape	50
Quarry / Landfill Landscape	9
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape	15
Reservoir Landscape	9
Residential Urban Fringe Landscape	41
Residential Urban Landscape	56
Rural Coastal Plain Landscape	30
Rural Inland Plain Landscape	18
Rural Township Landscape	6
Settled Valley Landscape	124
Strait Landscape	6
Theme Park Landscapes	2
Transportation Corridor Landscape	7
Typhoon Shelter Landscapes	11
Unsettled Valley Landscape	29
Upland Plateau Landscape	9
Upland and Hillside Landscapes	106
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape	12

 

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